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The Importance of Being Involved In Your Parents’ Financial Planning in Later Life

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There are a million reasons why we don’t talk to our parents about their financial situation…

  • “I don’t want to be nosy.  What if I offend them by asking them about something so personal?”

  • “What if they think I am asking because I don’t think they can handle their finances any longer?”

  • “I have my own problems to deal with. I am not going to bother trying to handle my parents’ issues, too.”

  • “I don’t need to know anything until they tell me, or until they’re gone.”

  • And, the list goes on and on. 

And some of our parents may have their own hesitations about offering information to their adult children:  fear of loss of control, not wanting their children to be aware of all of their financial resources for fear that they will want/need more from them before they are able to give it, or simply discomfort with the conversations that may be involved about their own longevity and/or mortality.  However, in my experience, the majority of older adult clients are more than willing to begin to invite adult children, (at least those that are will be in charge of assisting with financial affairs in the case of incapacity or after death), into meetings to help them get a better understanding of the overall financial and estate planning picture.  We strongly encourage this with our clients and their adult children!

Some of the strongest and most successful family relationships we have are with generations of families that take advantage of these kinds of meetings.  Not only do they give us an opportunity to meet the family members that we will be working with if and when anything ever happens to mom and dad, but a number of additional items are uncovered during the annual meetings that can be extremely beneficial for the families:

  • They can develop a strong understanding of the overall financial status and financial plan

  • They have conversations about long term care planning, and reveal mom and dad’s preferences on how the finances fit into the plan

  • They have conversations about the overall estate plan and structure (who will be in charge, the flow of the estate, etc.)

  • They have conversations about charitable giving and its importance during life and after death

  • They have conversations about how they wish their assets to be passed on to future generations (how, why, etc.)

It has been an amazing experience for many of our families, some of whom have grown so much closer through the experience.  If you have older adult parents and have hesitated to get involved or been afraid to approach the subject and need help getting started, please reach out.  We are happy to help!  We promise it will be worth the effort.

Sandra Adams, CFP® , CeFT™ is a Partner and Financial Planner at Center for Financial Planning, Inc.® Sandy specializes in Elder Care Financial Planning and is a frequent speaker on related topics. In addition to her frequent contributions to Money Centered, she is regularly quoted in national media publications such as The Wall Street Journal, Research Magazine and Journal of Financial Planning.

Any opinions are those of Sandra D. Adams and not necessarily those of Raymond James. Every investor's situation is unique and you should consider your investment goals, risk tolerance and time horizon before making any investment. Prior to making an investment decision, please consult with your financial advisor about your individual situation.

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The Center's Day of Creative Giving

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There are many ways to give time, talent and resources through volunteering.  Recently, a group of Center clients, friends, and team members came together with energy and purpose to lend a hand for an afternoon of Creative giving.  The goal was to make 125 care packages for children who are experiencing a stay at C.S. Mott Children’s Hospital in Ann Arbor.   We reached our goal and hope that the goody bags will bring smiles to the faces of children receiving care at C.S. Mott.

Handmade cards decorated the outside of the packages. Volunteers filled the bags with snack items, huggable stuffed animals, coloring books, and puzzles. The smiles were abundant, and the sense of purpose created a positive vibe for all.  

The Center Charitable Committee, Creative Committee, and team members all pitched in to help with the planning and set up.  Clients and friends of the Center came together in support and created a multitude of brightly colored Care Packages filled with tangible items and a sprinkle of love and caring. 

In the words of Oprah Winfrey; “I don’t think you ever stop giving.  I really don’t.  I think it’s an ongoing process.  And it’s not just about being able to write a check.  It's being able to touch somebody’s life.”

Thanks to all that contributed to the success of our “Creative Giving” day!

Laurie Renchik is a partner and Certified Financial Planner™ at the Center for Financial Planning, Inc.®

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Webinar in Review: A Beginners Guide for Those Just Starting Out

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Contributed by: Emily Lucido

With a little bit of wit and a whole lot of information, Kali Hassinger, CFP® and Josh Bitel, Client Service Associate, recently presented a webinar that provided young folks with a broad guide for how to start their financial lives off on the right foot. As we found out during the presentation, making smart choices early can make life easier in the long run.

Although Millennials have an average debt of 50% in just student loans, they are doing better than most people might think. About 80% have a budget and 72% are saving for retirement. (Source: http://bit.ly/2bBC3vG). If you are a Millennial and are reading and thinking, “I’m not saving for retirement and I don’t have a budget,” that’s okay! Even by taking small steps now, you can make a huge difference rather than waiting. There are a lot of different factors to think about when tackling financials in the “real world.” The first step is to get organized.

Spending vs. Saving

You can spend smarter by following these tips below:

  • Stay Organized - which can include setting up account notifications & alerts

    • These notifications can be set up for when you complete a transaction, or if your balance falls below a specific amount (you can set the minimum balance amount yourself)

    • The notifications can also be good for detecting fraud

  • Applications & Technology

    • There are a ton of free apps out there that can help with any situation, just google your need and you can find something suitable for you

  • Figuring out your Credit Score

    • Credit Karma gives you free access to your credit score and is highly secure

    • What determines your credit score?
      ~ Check out our blog that breaks down your credit score composition!

    • When building credit and using credit cards, you want to make sure to use only around or below 30% of your available credit

    • Watch for annual fees on credit cards; see if opening the card is worth the annual fee you will end up paying

    • Set up auto pay on all your bills with your credit card to benefit with cash back and rewards

    • To avoid ATM fees, go to the store and buy something small (like a pack of gum) and then get cash back on that purchase

  • Student Loans

    • Student loans are something you want to start paying down right away – and if you can make more than just the minimum payment, try to do that

    • Make sure your payments are being allocated toward your highest interest loan

    • A good resource to show you every student loan you have, whether federal or private is, Annualcreditreport.com

Saving is so important, and to start sooner can make such a big difference in the long run. These tip s help with how to smartly save money:

  • Cash Savings

    • In case of emergency it’s good to have six months of living expenses in a savings account

  • Investing Early

    • The graph below demonstrations how investing your savings early can really benefit you in the long run

    • In the example below Chloe started investing from age 25 and almost reaches $2 million dollars by the age of 65, while we see Noah saves from age 25 (the same amount of money) and just let it sit in cash and only obtained about $653,000 by the age of 65.

  • Retirement Savings

    • Although retirement might seem far away, it is important to be forward thinking and plan ahead

    • Employer plans are a great opportunity to save money if your company offers one - always remember to contribute at least the match if you can

  • If your employer doesn’t offer a retirement plan you can still invest through a Roth IRA or Traditional IRA. Depending on your situation a Roth or an IRA could work for you.

  • Taxes – some quick tips

    • The more money you make, the more you pay in taxes!

    • You can write off student loan interest of up to $2,500 per year

    • TurboTax® is a great online resource for doing your taxes with a 100% accurate calculation guarantee

  • Insurance

    • Insurance is something that is so important – but something that can be overlooked when we are young

    • Staying on your parents health coverage until age of 26 is great – but don’t just assume it’s the best option because you aren’t paying anything

    • Remember to get renters insurance when living in an apartment – you never know when you might need it!

The last thing to remember is the 28/36 Rule. Your housing expenses should not exceed 28% of your gross monthly income while your total debt payments should not exceed 36%. Remember, the earlier you start saving the better – and any place you start at is good.

Take 30 minutes to view the webinar below and get the full details of Kali and Josh’s discussion. If you have any questions, please reach out to us -- we’re here to help!

Emily Lucido is a Client Service Associate at Center for Financial Planning, Inc.®

The information contained in this blog does not purport to be a complete description of the securities, markets, or developments referred to in this material. The information has been obtained from sources considered to be reliable, but we do not guarantee that the foregoing material is accurate or complete. Any opinions are those of Emily Lucido and not necessarily those of Raymond James. There is no guarantee that these statements, opinions or forecasts provided herein will prove to be correct. You should discuss any tax or legal matters with the appropriate professional. Prior to making an investment decision, please consult with your financial advisor about your individual situation. Links are being provided for information purposes only. Raymond James is not affiliated with and does not endorse, authorize or sponsor any of the listed websites or their respective sponsors. Raymond James is not responsible for the content of any website or the collection or use of information regarding any website's users and/or members.

Learning the Ropes: NextGen Gathering

Contributed by: Josh Bitel Josh Bitel

In late June, I had the luxury of attending the FPA NexGen Gathering, held in Naperville, Illinois. This is a “conference” geared towards the ‘next generation’ of advisors in the financial planning profession, specifically young professionals under the age of 36. While most conferences are centered on a specific agenda, in which a presenter stands in front of a large group and speaks to participants about various topics of interest related to the profession, this conference is much more interactive with an open agenda format. With an open agenda, the participants drive the content and become the presenters and participants of the sessions. On the first day of the conference, any attendees that have burning topics they’d like to learn more about, or discuss with the group, they bring that idea to the table. If the topic resonates well with the group, that topic becomes a “breakout session” when those who are interested can discuss the topic and lead the conversation in any direction they desire. I learned valuable information from other participants on topics ranging from financial planning, to business development, career development, technology and more.

The FPA NexGen Gathering was not all about meetings.  Here are some additional highlights from my weekend:

  • Networking with young financial planning professionals from all over the nations, serving in various roles in many different types of firms.

  • Having individual and small group conversations with others outside of the formal sessions related to the financial planning profession and how different firms run their businesses and serve their clients.

  • Participating in fun activities with others, meeting new people and making new friends.

One of our core values at The Center is to develop talent that anchors in intellectual curiosity. Continued learning is an important way to showcase this value. Attending the NexGen Gathering was a great way for me to expand my knowledge base and to crowd source new possibilities for our clients here at The Center. At the end of the day, attending these conferences are important ways for our staff to grow in our jobs in order to find new ways to best serve our clients. I’m grateful I was able to attend this year’s conference and I look forward to future opportunities to expand my knowledge!

Josh Bitel is a Client Service Associate at Center for Financial Planning, Inc.®

Any opinions are those of Joshua Bitel and not necessarily those of Raymond James. Raymond James is not affiliated with the FPA NexGen.

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Retirement Planning: Roth 401k vs Traditional 401k

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Contributed by: Kali Hassinger, CFP® Kali Hassinger

With our country’s ever-changing tax policies, we are left to hypothesize what taxation will look like in the coming years. Striking the right balance between taxation now and taxation during retirement is complicated, but a recent study has shown that it may not significantly affect our overall savings behaviors. Since 2006, employers have had the option to offer Roth 401ks to employees, and approximately 49% of employers now include this option as part of their incentive package. 

Roth 401ks effectively remove a large portion of the taxation mystery because all employee contributions are made on an after-tax basis. That means that you pay the tax today at the current and stated rate, but, assuming you wait until 59 ½ and have held the account for five years, all withdrawals are tax-free. All employer matches and contributions, however, are still made on a before-tax basis, so there will still be a tax liability for those future withdrawals.

The Harvard Business School study compared the current and previous savings rates of employees who were given the option to contribute to a Roth 401k and a traditional before-tax 401k. Somewhat surprisingly, there were no significant changes or differences between the before-tax 401k and Roth 401k savings rates. It would be easy to assume that Roth 401ks would have a lower contribution rate because current taxes would eat away at the employee’s ability to save. However, it instead appears that employees continued to use the same savings rates as before-tax 401ks, effectively reducing their current cash flow. Although the participant will pay more tax today, they will have greater purchasing power during retirement. 

The study also touched on the significant participation rate differences between 401k plans that automatically enrolled employees and those that didn’t. With an automatic enrollment plan, unless they choose otherwise, the employee will contribute at least the plan’s default deferral percentage. The lowest participation rate in the studied auto-enroll plans was 90%, while the highest participation rate for a non-enrollment plan (meaning the employees had to manually choose to participate) was 64%.

The study itself didn’t address the question of which type of 401k contribution is more beneficial from a tax or long-term standpoint, but a Roth 401k would inarguably have more purchasing power than a traditional 401k with the same balance. Regardless of what your current retirement plan offers, you can feel confident knowing that both before-tax and Roth 401ks can provide a secure retirement when paired with solid and strategic planning.

Kali Hassinger, CFP® is an Associate Financial Planner at Center for Financial Planning, Inc.®

This information has been obtained from sources considered to be reliable, but we do not guarantee that it is accurate or complete, it is not a complete summary or statement of all available data necessary for making an investment decision and does not constitute a recommendation. Opinions expressed are those of Kali Hassinger and are not necessarily those of Raymond James. Investing involves risk, investors may incur a profit or loss regardless of the strategy or strategies employed. Every investor's situation is unique, you should consider your investment goals, risk tolerance and time horizon before making any investment decision. Prior to making an investment decision, please consult with a financial professional about your individual situation.

Sources: http://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Publication%20Files/front-loading_taxation_b10a2f45-48ff-45ff-9547-99039cf8e9da.pdf

https://www.wsj.com/articles/roth-vs-traditional-401-k-study-finds-a-clear-winner-1497233040?mod=e2fb&mg=prod/accounts-wsj

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Preparing for Retirement: How Much Fixed Income Should I Have?

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Contributed by: Nick Defenthaler, CFP® Nick Defenthaler

How much guaranteed income (i.e., Social Security, pension and annuity income) should I have in retirement? This is a question I hear quite often from clients who are nearing, or entering, retirement and are seeking our guidance on how to create a tax-efficient and well-diversified retirement paycheck. 

“The 50% Rule”

Although every situation is unique, in most cases, we want to see roughly 50% or more of a retiree’s spending needs satisfied by fixed income. For example, if your goal is to spend $140,000 before-tax (gross) in retirement, ideally, we’d want to see roughly $70,000 or more come from a combination of Social Security, pension, or an annuity income stream. 

Below is an illustration we frequently use with clients to help show where their retirement paycheck will be coming from. The chart also displays the portfolio withdrawal rate to give clients an idea if their desired spending level is realistic or not over the long-term.

Cash Targets

Once we have an idea of what is required to come from your actual portfolio to supplement your spending goal, we’ll typically leave 6 – 12 months (or more depending of course on someone’s risk tolerance) of cash on the “sidelines” to help shield these funds from volatility and ensure money available for your short term cash needs. Believe it or not, since 1980, the average intra-year market decline for the S&P 500 has been 14.1%. Over the course of those 37 years, however, 28 of them have ended the year in positive territory (source:  JP Morgan).  We believe market declines are imminent, and we want to plan ahead to help mitigate their potential impact. By having cash available at all times for your spending needs, it allows you to still receive income from your portfolio while giving it time to “heal” and recover – something that typically occurs within a 12 month time frame. 

As you enter the home stretch of your working career, it’s very important to begin dialing in on what you’re actually spending now compared to what you’d like to spend in retirement. Sometimes the numbers are very close but often times, they are quite different.  As clients approach retirement, we work together to help determine this magic number and provide analysis on whether or not the spending goal is sustainable over the long-term. From there, it’s our job to help re-create a retirement paycheck for you that meets your own unique goals. Don’t hesitate to reach out if we can ever offer a first or second opinion on the best way to create your own retirement paycheck.

Nick Defenthaler, CFP® is a CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER™ at Center for Financial Planning, Inc.® Nick works closely with Center clients and is also the Director of The Center’s Financial Planning Department. He is also a frequent contributor to the firm’s blogs and educational webinars.

Opinions expressed are those of Nick Defenthaler, CFP®, and are not necessarily those of Raymond James. There is no assurance the forecasts provided herein will prove to be correct. This information has been obtained from sources deemed to be reliable but we do not guarantee that it is accurate or complete. This information is not a complete summary or statement of all available data necessary for making an investment decision and does not constitute a recommendation. The S&P 500 is an unmanaged index of 500 widely held stocks that is generally considered representative of the U.S. stock market. Please note direct investment in any index is not possible. Annuity guarantees are subject to the issuing company's ability to pay for them.

Angela Palacios Earns Accredited Investment Fiduciary Designation from the Center for Fiduciary Studies

Contributed by: Timothy Wyman, CFP®, JD Tim Wyman

Professionalism is a core value for us at The Center. For our clients’ benefit, our team continues to improve their skills, knowledge, and certifications. In that spirit, we are proud to share that Angela Palacios, CFP® and Director of Investments, has recently been awarded the Accredited Investment Fiduciary® (AIF®) designation from the Center for Fiduciary Studies™, the standards-setting body for fi360. The AIF designation signifies specialized knowledge of fiduciary responsibility and the ability to implement policies and procedures that meet a defined standard of care. The designation is the culmination of a rigorous training program, which includes a comprehensive final examination, and an agreement to abide by the Code of Ethics and Conduct Standards. On an ongoing basis, completion of continuing education and adherence to the Code of Ethics and Conduct Standards are required to maintain the AIF designation.

Fiduciary standards and placing client interests first have been in the mainstream media lately as a result of recent Department of Labor regulations; however, these are not new concepts to us and how we serve clients. At The Center, we strive to truly serve our client’s best interests in planning and investment advice and have always held ourselves to a higher fiduciary standard of care. We understand that your trust in us is grounded in this commitment! Certifications, like the AIF designation, provide third-party confirmation that we are doing just that. Please join us in congratulating Angela on earning this designation!

Timothy Wyman, CFP®, JD is the Managing Partner and Financial Planner at Center for Financial Planning, Inc.® and is a contributor to national media and publications such as Forbes and The Wall Street Journal and has appeared on Good Morning America Weekend Edition and WDIV Channel 4. A leader in his profession, Tim served on the National Board of Directors for the 28,000 member Financial Planning Association™ (FPA®), mentored many CFP® practitioners and is a frequent speaker to organizations and businesses on various financial planning topics.

About fi360: Based near Pittsburgh, Pa., is the first full-time training and research facility for fiduciaries, and conducts training programs throughout the United States and abroad. The Center for Fiduciary Studies confers the AIF designation as well as the Accredited Investment Fiduciary Analyst™ (AIFA®) and Professional Plan Consultant™ (PPC™) designations.

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Financial Scams Target Social Security and Medicare

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According to the Federal Trade Commission, of the 65 and older population, over 33% are victims of financial frauds and scams on an annual basis. It is not surprising, then, that the latest scams to come out are related to Social Security and Medicare – two of the most widely used social support programs by the 65 and older population. Here is what you need to know about the newest scams:

Social Security:

There are two Social Security scams on the current watch list:

  • The first one is where you will receive an official-looking e-mail from the Social Security Administration with an invitation to create a Social Security account so that you can receive your benefits. You land on a webpage where the scammers hope you will fill out your confidential information. DO NOT FALL FOR THIS. Never click on links in any of these e-mails. If you want to sign up for a Social Security Account, go directly to https://ssa.gov/myaccount/ (see our blog with detailed instructions about how to set up your Social Security account here).

  • The second one is where the scammers actually create an account for someone and redirect their payments to a bank account controlled by them, not by the victim. To prevent this from happening, create your own MySSA account with a strong username and password. This is similar to filing your tax return early before the scammers file a fake return and steal your refund. In addition, a recommended and increased security measure is that when you create your MySSA account, go to the settings and choose the option that any changes to the bank account into which your check is electronically deposited can only be done in person at a Social Security brank office and not done using your online account.

Medicare:

This scam is related to Congress’ passage of the Medicare Access and CHIP Reauthorization ACT (MACRA) in 2015 which is requiring the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services to remove Social Security numbers from all Medicare cards. Thus, they will begin reissuing Medicare cards in 2018. The current scam has scammers calling Medicare beneficiaries claiming to be Medicare and saying that they must confirm their current Medicare numbers before sending them a new card. Others call saying there is a charge for the new card and are collecting beneficiaries’ personal information. Please note that there is no charge for your new card and Medicare will never call you for your information. They already have it. 

As an additional note, there are still tax scams continuing to occur. We wrote a blog about tax season scams earlier this year -- please take a moment to review this information to protect yourself and your loved ones.

Always Remember:

  • A government agency will not contact you by phone or e-mail to request personal information or to demand money/payment from you.

  • You will always be contacted by mail or registered letter by government agencies and if money is owed, you will be given an opportunity to dispute charges.

If you suspect fraud related to these examples or any other type of financial scams or fraud, please contact the U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging Fraud Hotline at 1-855-303-9470 or contact your financial planner for assistance.

Sandra Adams, CFP® , CeFT™ is a Partner and Financial Planner at Center for Financial Planning, Inc.® Sandy specializes in Elder Care Financial Planning and is a frequent speaker on related topics. In addition to her frequent contributions to Money Centered, she is regularly quoted in national media publications such as The Wall Street Journal, Research Magazine and Journal of Financial Planning.

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2nd Quarter Investment Commentary

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You may have noticed 2017 has been an easy year to open your statements. Markets around the world have been trending in a positive direction with only short-lived bouts of risk aversion. As a whole, volatility is extremely low and getting lower by the day it seems. U.S. markets have enjoyed positive returns of 10% for the S&P 500 so far this year as of June 30, 2017. The Barclays US Aggregate Bond Index has also been up 2.27%.  Overseas has been the big story of the year with the MSCI EAFE returning 14.1% and the MSCI Emerging Markets Index returning about the same. This strong increase has occurred despite headwinds from Brexit negotiations that are beginning and are expected to be challenging as well as concerns over high and quickly growing debt levels in China.

The Federal Reserve has approved one more rate hike this quarter, during June, which was fully anticipated by markets. One more has been telegraphed by the Fed for this year and would likely come late fall/winter if it does at all. This last potential rate hike of 2017 will depend on the strength of economic data over the coming months.

The Economy

Our domestic economy continues to grow slowly but steadily. Wages are growing, although, at a pace slower than historical averages. Inflation has been more subdued than expected, in large part because wage growth has been muted. Unemployment has continued to fall, and it has become harder to fill open job positions. Low unemployment ultimately should result in wages increasing, but, so far, we have not seen an impact here in a meaningful way.  Energy prices increased over a year ago, and rent and housing costs are on the rise. These last two points serve to take away some of our discretionary spending money which is important to bolster Gross Domestic Product growth that has come in below the Fed’s expectations of 2.2% so far this year. 

Brexit – One year later

A little over one year ago, the British voted to exit the European Union on June 23rd, 2016.  As you may recall, this created quite a bit of volatility in the market leading up to and immediately after the decision. The British government stepped in quickly, vowing to support liquidity at banks and emphasized it would be an orderly divorce. This action assuaged fears resulting in the markets here in the U.S. as well as overseas bouncing back to where they had been prior the decision.  So one year later, what has the impact been?

  1. The British pound is about 15% cheaper than where it was last year. While a cheaper pound helps boost the country’s exports, it, unfortunately, serves to increase the price of imports causing inflation within the country. If you were ever going to take a trip to England, now may be a good time as our dollar is much stronger than it has been in recent years!

  2. Business investment in the U.K. has softened dramatically due to the uncertainty surrounding potential future tariffs. The Gross Domestic Product growth has also slowed as a result.

  3. Immigration is falling into the U.K. meaning many jobs are having a hard time finding workers for farming and construction positions.

Affordable Care Act—Repeal?

ObamaCare is facing a threat of repeal in the Senate. The Senate majority leader, Mitch McConnell, is working to revise the bill to be looked at again in July after it met resistance from some members of the Republican Party. If he can’t create a bill all Republicans can agree on, then they will be forced to seek a more bi-partisan supported bill, further delaying any change. If repealed, volatility would likely increase in the healthcare sector, but the market effects would be very dependent on the terms that pass. This is something we will continue to keep our eyes on.

While it has been a tranquil year thus far, it is important not to let the resilience in stock markets lull you into a false sense of security. It is easy to forget what downside volatility feels like when we haven’t experienced a meaningful pullback in so long. Rebalancing your portfolio and keeping risk in check is important particularly in this stage of a bull market, when it may be tempting to reach for more. Check out our recent Mid-Year Investment Update webinar if you want to hear more information on these topics as well as other headlines this quarter!

On behalf of everyone here at The Center,

Angela Palacios, CFP®, AIF®

Director of Investments
Financial Advisor  

Investment Pulse: Check out Investment Pulse, by Angela Palacios, CFP®, a summary of investment-focused meetings for the quarter.

Investor Basics Series: Nick Boguth, Investment Research Associate, introduces us to bond options.

Of Financial Note:  Jaclyn Jackson, Portfolio Coordinator, continues her series on behavioral investing here.

Angela Palacios, CFP®, AIF® is the Director of Investments at Center for Financial Planning, Inc.® Angela specializes in Investment and Macro economic research. She is a frequent contributor The Center blog.

The foregoing information has been obtained from sources considered to be reliable, but we do not guarantee that the foregoing material is accurate or complete. Any information is not a complete summary or statement of all available data necessary for making an investment decision and does not constitute a recommendation. Any opinions are those of Angela Palacios and not necessarily those of RJFS or Raymond James. Expressions of opinion are as of this date and are subject to change without notice. The S&P 500 is an unmanaged index of 500 widely held stocks that is generally considered representative of the U.S. stock market. The MSCI EAFE Index is a free float-adjusted market capitalization index that is designed to measure developed market equity performance, excluding the United States & Canada. The EAFE consists of the country indices of 21 developed nations. The MSCI Emerging Markets Index is designed to measure equity market performance in 25 emerging market indexes. The index’s three largest industries are materials, energy, and banks. Keep in mind that individuals cannot invest directly in any index, and index performance does not include transaction costs or other fees, which will affect actual investment performance. Individual investor’s results will vary. Past performance does not guarantee future results. Investing involves risk and you may incur a profit or loss regardless of strategy selected. Rebalancing a non-retirement account could be a taxable event that may increase your tax liability. Please note that international investing involves special risks, including currency fluctuations, differing financial accounting standards, and possible political and economic volatility. Investing in emerging markets can be riskier than investing in well-established foreign markets.

Source: http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/brexit-latest-news-business-economic-costs-banks-one-year-vote-anniversary-eu-exit-a7802596.html

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Investor Ph.D.: Paying a Premium

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Co-Contributed by: Angela Palacios, CFP®Angela Palacios and DewRina Lee DewRina Lee

We aren’t talking Healthcare or Prada even, though you pay premiums for both. Rather, we are discussing why investors may pay a premium for bonds. Bonds are frequently purchased at prices below or above par; that is, at a discount or a premium. Bonds trade at a discount when the coupon rate is lower than the market interest rate, and they trade at a premium when its coupon rate is higher than the market interest rate.

For the purpose of this blog, we will be focusing mainly on the reasons behind why someone may choose a premium bond.

Take the following scenario:

Intuition seems to indicate that when deciding between a discount bond at a price of $970 and a premium bond at a price of $1,030, an investor should take the discount option. It’s always more fun to buy that Prada purse when it’s on sale right? But, there are times when you may want to pay the higher price, for example, if you want the latest season’s purse rather than last seasons.

But enough about my purse addiction, let’s get back to bonds. If the bond matures at $1,000, a discount bond holder who bought at $970 will be pocketing $30 while a premium bondholder who paid $1,030 will be losing $30, right? Not exactly. The higher price a premium bondholder has paid is made up for by the higher interest payments they will earn along the way. In many cases, the additional cash flow more than pays for the cost of the premium price paid up-front. Take a look at the following example:

Additionally, due to its larger cash flows, the time it takes to repay the initial investment is shortened. With all else equal, the higher the coupon rate, the shorter the duration. As such, premium bonds can be more defensive in a rising interest rate environment and potentially less volatile. Also, this larger cash flow allows investors to reinvest more in new bonds to capture potential rate increase. By no means does this mean that premium bonds are immune to rising rates; however, they may offer a way to capture the higher yields with some degree of downside protection in a declining market.

So why pay a premium? In essence, there are a few advantages of buying premium bonds:

  • Higher coupon rate

  • Shorter duration to pay off your initial investment

  • Less sensitivity to fluctuations in interest rates

  • Opportunity to reinvest at a potentially higher rate.

Of course, there are additional risks and financial objectives that are personalized to each individual. Contact your financial planner to figure out how bonds may fit into your personalized financial plan!

Angela Palacios, CFP® is the Director of Investments at Center for Financial Planning, Inc.® Angela specializes in Investment and Macro economic research. She is a frequent contributor The Center blog.

DewRina Lee is an intern at Center for Financial Planning, Inc.®

This information has been obtained from sources considered to be reliable, but we do not guarantee that it is accurate or complete; it is not a complete summary or statement of all available data necessary for making an investment decision and does not constitute a recommendation. Investments mentioned may not be suitable for all investors. Opinions expressed are those of Angela Palacios and DewRina Lee and are not necessarily those of Raymond James. There is an inverse relationship between interest rate movements and bond prices. Generally, when interest rates rise, bond prices fall and when interest rates fall, bond prices generally rise. There are special risks associated with investing with bonds such as interest rate risk, market risk, call risk, prepayment risk, credit risk, reinvestment risk, and unique tax consequences. The example provided is hypothetical and has been included for illustrative purposes only, it does not represent an actual investment.

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