High Deductible Health Plans and HSAs

Contributed by: Matthew E. Chope, CFP®

I am a big fan of High Deductible Health Care Plans. As individual and group premiums rise, employers are pushing their employees to take more responsibility for their health and healthcare costs, and offering High Deductible plans is one way they are doing this.  You can have a High Deductible plan as an individual or in a group plan.

There are some basics about these health care plans that you need to understand.  Basically, high deductible plans are not allowed to offer any co-pay benefits – like paying $10 for a generic prescription or $35 for a doctor visit. Thus, they usually work well for healthy people, although more and more, they work even if you know you’re going to hit your out of pocket maximum for the year because of their lower premiums. 

If you have a High Deductible Health Care Plan, you can take advantage of a HSA (Health Savings Acccount) which is typically opened at a bank or credit union. If you have an HSA plan, you are allowed to make pre-tax contributions to that account.  The maximum contribution will be $6900 in 2018 for a family and $3450 for an individual. If you are 55 or older, you can add another $1000 to those figures. If you get your insurance through your employer, you may find that your employer offers the HSA account for you and even makes a contribution to it during the year. In which case, you would count this money as part of your contribution limit.

You might be thinking, what’s so great about this if my insurance covers almost nothing unless I hit my deductible and/or out of pocket maximum? (They are often, but not always, the same amount.)

The High Deductible Health Care Plan is a wonderful planning tool for several reasons

1. First, they operate the way insurance is supposed to operate: a smaller cost for an unlikely (but potentially catastrophic) event... think fire insurance on your home.  Going to the doctor or filling a prescription are not unlikely events at all, so really, when a plan offers copays for things like doctor appointments and prescription medication, that’s not really insurance, that is a discount plan. Consider it as though you are paying for the discount in the premium.

2. Second, HSAs offer a great tax break: the money is contributed with pre-tax dollars, the account grows tax-free… and best of all… none of it is taxed coming out.  (as long as you use them for qualified medical expenses.) Yes, there are rules about what is a qualified medical expense but in a nutshell most legitimate expenses for healthcare are okay.  You can’t use them for: the actual premium cost of the insurance, supplements, massage, or elective surgery (this is usually the case but there are exceptions). The HSA is the only vehicle where the money isn’t taxed going in or coming out, if you follow the fairly simple rules.*

3. Third, HSA dollars can be used on things that insurance doesn’t typically cover, such as alternative care with a chiropractor or acupuncturist for example.  You can also use HSA money to pay for things like the dentist or eye doctor. (See IRS Pub. 502 for a list of qualified medical expenses.)

Some people also use the HSA as another savings vehicle.  They max out their contribution each year, but instead of spending the money on medical costs, they pay for their costs with regular old post-tax dollars.  They still get the tax deduction, because the deduction is based on the contribution, not on the spending.  Then in retirement they’ve got an account they can use for health care costs.

Taking the Strategy One More Step

If you have a large expense pre-retirement and you pay for it with post-tax dollars (i.e you just write a check), you can reimburse yourself for the cost years later.  That means you can make a tax free withdrawal in retirement for a pre-retirement healthcare expense.  This could make sense for a large ticket item, like a hospital bill.   Having a tax-free account such as an HSA could really help you be strategic with retirement income. (Consult with your CPA, and save those receipts for this strategy!)

The High Deductible Health Care plan/HSA Strategy isn’t for everyone, but to figure out if it makes sense for you, it’s best to speak with someone who can analyze your individual situation and advise you.  Brokers’ services are free to you, as they are compensated by the insurance carrier you choose.  You can also contact us for help with deciding if this strategy makes sense for you.

* May be subject to State or local taxes.

Matthew E. Chope, CFP ® is a Partner and Financial Planner at Center for Financial Planning, Inc.® Matt has been quoted in various investment professional newspapers and magazines. He is active in the community and his profession and helps local corporations and nonprofits in the areas of strategic planning and money and business management decisions.

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This information does not purport to be a complete description of High Deductible Insurance Policies or Health Savings Accounts, it has been obtained from sources deemed reliable but its accuracy and completeness cannot be guaranteed. Opinions expressed are those of Matthew Chope and are not necessarily those of Raymond James. Investing involves risk, investors may incur a profit or loss regardless of the strategy or strategies employed. Please note, changes in tax laws may occur at any time and could have a substantial impact upon each person's situation. While we are familiar with the tax provisions of the issues presented herein, as Financial Advisors of RJFS, we are not qualified to render advice on tax or legal matters. You should discuss tax or legal matters with the appropriate professional.

Investing vs. Paying Off Debt

Contributed by: Matt Trujillo, CFP®

You can use a variety of strategies to pay off debt, many of which can cut not only the amount of time it will take to pay off the debt but also the total interest paid. But like many people, you may be torn between paying off debt and the need to save for retirement. Both are important; both can provide a more secure future. If you're not sure you can afford to tackle both at the same time, which should you choose?

There's no one answer that's right for everyone, but here are some of the factors you should consider when making your decision.

Rate of investment return versus interest rate on debt

Probably the most common way to decide whether to pay off debt or to make investments is to consider whether you could earn a higher after-tax rate of return by investing than the after-tax interest rate you pay on the debt. For example, say you have a credit card with a $10,000 balance on which you pay nondeductible interest of 18%. By getting rid of those interest payments, you're effectively getting an 18% return on your money. That means your money would generally need to earn an after-tax return greater than 18% to make investing a smarter choice than paying off debt. That's a pretty tough challenge even for professional investors.

And bear in mind that investment returns are anything but guaranteed. In general, the higher the rate of return, the greater the risk. If you make investments rather than pay off debt and your investments incur losses, you may still have debts to pay, but you won't have had the benefit of any gains. By contrast, the return that comes from eliminating high-interest-rate debt is a sure thing.

An employer's match may change the equation

If your employer matches a portion of your workplace retirement account contributions, that can make the debt versus savings decision more difficult. Let's say your company matches 50% of your contributions up to 6% of your salary. That means that you're earning a 50% return on that portion of your retirement account contributions.

If surpassing an 18% return from paying off debt is a challenge, getting a 50% return on your money simply through investing is even tougher. The old saying about a bird in the hand being worth two in the bush applies here. Assuming you conform to your plan's requirements and your company meets its plan obligations, you know in advance what your return from the match will be; very few investments can offer the same degree of certainty. That's why many financial experts argue that saving at least enough to get any employer match for your contributions may make more sense than focusing on debt.

And don't forget the tax benefits of contributions to a workplace savings plan. By contributing pretax dollars to your plan account, you're deferring anywhere from 10% to 39.6% in taxes, depending on your federal tax rate. You're able to put money that would ordinarily go toward taxes to work immediately.

Your choice doesn't have to be all or nothing

The decision about whether to save for retirement or pay off debt can sometimes be affected by the type of debt you have. For example, if you itemize deductions, the interest you pay on a mortgage is generally deductible on your federal tax return. Let's say you're paying 6% on your mortgage and 18% on your credit card debt, and your employer matches 50% of your retirement account contributions. You might consider directing some of your available resources to paying off the credit card debt and some toward

your retirement account in order to get the full company match, and continuing to pay the tax-deductible mortgage interest.

There's another good reason to explore ways to address both goals. Time is your best ally when saving for retirement. If you say to yourself, "I'll wait to start saving until my debts are completely paid off," you run the risk that you'll never get to that point, because your good intentions about paying off your debt may falter at some point. Putting off saving also reduces the number of years you have left to save for retirement.

It might also be easier to address both goals if you can cut your interest payments by refinancing that debt. For example, you might be able to consolidate multiple credit card payments by rolling them over to a new credit card or a debt consolidation loan that has a lower interest rate.

Bear in mind that even if you decide to focus on retirement savings, you should make sure that you're able to make at least the monthly minimum payments owed on your debt. Failure to make those minimum payments can result in penalties and increased interest rates; those will only make your debt situation worse.

Other considerations

When deciding whether to pay down debt or to save for retirement, make sure you take into account the following factors:

• Having retirement plan contributions automatically deducted from your paycheck eliminates the temptation to spend that money on things that might make your debt dilemma even worse. If you decide to prioritize paying down debt, make sure you put in place a mechanism that automatically directs money toward the debt--for example, having money deducted automatically from your checking account--so you won't be tempted to skip or reduce payments.

• Do you have an emergency fund or other resources that you can tap in case you lose your job or have a medical emergency? Remember that if your workplace savings plan allows loans, contributing to the plan not only means you're helping to provide for a more secure retirement but also building savings that could potentially be used as a last resort in an emergency. Some employer-sponsored retirement plans also allow hardship withdrawals in certain situations--for example, payments necessary to prevent an eviction from or foreclosure of your principal residence--if you have no other resources to tap. (However, remember that the amount of any hardship withdrawal becomes taxable income, and if you aren't at least age 59½, you also may owe a 10% premature distribution tax on that money.)

• If you do need to borrow from your plan, make sure you compare the cost of using that money with other financing options, such as loans from banks, credit unions, friends, or family. Although interest rates on plan loans may be favorable, the amount you can borrow is limited, and you generally must repay the loan within five years. In addition, some plans require you to repay the loan immediately if you leave your job. Your retirement earnings will also suffer as a result of removing funds from a tax-deferred investment.

• If you focus on retirement savings rather than paying down debt, make sure you're invested so that your return has a chance of exceeding the interest you owe on that debt. While your investments should be appropriate for your risk tolerance, if you invest too conservatively, the rate of return may not be high enough to offset the interest rate you'll continue to pay.

Regardless of your choice, perhaps the most important decision you can make is to take action and get started now. The sooner you decide on a plan for both your debt and your need for retirement savings, the sooner you'll start to make progress toward achieving both goals.

Matthew Trujillo, CFP®, is a Certified Financial Planner™ at Center for Financial Planning, Inc.® Matt currently assists Center planners and clients, and is a contributor to Money Centered.

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You should discuss any tax or legal matters with the appropriate professional.

This Just In: Cost of Living Adjustment

Contributed by: Nick Defenthaler, CFP®

In recent weeks, it was announced that monthly Social Security benefits for more than 66 million Americans will be increasing by 2% starting in January 2018.  Who doesn’t love a pay raise, right?  This cost of living adjustment (COLA for short) is the largest we’ve seen since 2012.  To put the 2% increase in perspective, 2017 benefits crept up by a measly 0.3% and 2016 offered no benefit increase at all. 

Unfortunately, as many can attest to who are still in the work force, your “raise” may be partially or fully wiped away due to the increase in cost for medical insurance through Medicare – enter the "hold harmless" provision.  Medicare premiums for 2018 will be announced later this year. 

If you’re like many, this will probably cause some frustration knowing your increase could very well be going right back out the door in the form of medical premiums.  However, it’s important to remember that Social Security is one of the only forms of guaranteed fixed income that will rise over the course of retirement.  For those lucky enough to still have access to a pension, it’s extremely rare to have a benefit that carries a COLA provision. 

While Social Security checks will be higher in 2018, so will the earnings wage base you pay into if you’re still working.  In 2017, the first $127,000 was subject to Social Security payroll tax (6.2% for employees and 6.2% for employers).  Moving into 2018, the new wage base grows to $128,700 a 1.3% increase.  This translates into an additional $105 in tax each year for those earning north of $128,700. 

Social Security plays a vital role for almost everyone’s financial game plan.  If you have questions about next year’s COLA or anything else related to your Social Security benefit, don’t hesitate to reach out to us.

Nick Defenthaler, CFP® is a CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER™ at Center for Financial Planning, Inc.® Nick works closely with Center clients and is also the Director of The Center’s Financial Planning Department. He is also a frequent contributor to the firm’s blogs and educational webinars.

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This information has been obtained from sources deemed to be reliable but its accuracy and completeness cannot be guaranteed. Opinions expressed are those of Nicholas Defenthaler and are not necessarily those of Raymond James.

A New Season: Empty-Nesters

Contributed by: Laurie Renchik, CFP®, MBA

This year the fall season took a different turn than the past eighteen and it wasn’t associated with the weather.  My youngest child was college bound for his freshman year.  How did that happen?  It was a mad rush from high school graduation festivities in June to college move in day in August.  The reality of an empty nest began to set in as my husband and I drove home leaving our son to settle into his new digs.  Our conversation took many expected turns reminiscing about the past and looking forward to the future.  

This new chapter we surmised was as an opportunity to put some additional focus on our life goals including a “catch-up” sprint to shore up retirement savings. More questions than answers surfaced.  Should we downsize, take a big trip, save more, spend more, double up on mortgage payments, or put a finer point on our expectations for the future?  Perhaps you can relate to this milestone in life. 

The following Empty Nest Checklist can help to organize thoughts and prioritize action steps:

1. Revisit the big picture.  Make time to talk about lifestyle changes you’re thinking about, along with their financial impact. Think of it like a test drive for your retirement years. While you are at it, give your financial plan a fresh look. Celebrate successes, clarify goals and identify potential gaps.

2. Consider your finances.  Updating your monthly budget is a good first step.  Putting money you were using to support children toward larger financial goals like paying down your mortgage and boosting retirement savings may be an option with surprising benefits.

3. Review investments.  The status quo may not meet your future needs.  Your financial advisor can help with a review of retirement savings accounts.  Learning how your savings can generate income in retirement helps financial decision making during this new chapter. 

4. Update your goals and need for insurance.  The bottom line is to make sure that existing insurance policies still make sense for your situation.  If your mortgage is paid off and dependents are now independent you may want to reassess your coverage.

Goals change at every stage of life, so regularly reviewing your plans is an important step. Revisiting the basics can build confidence as you plan for tomorrow. Reconciling your next steps as empty nesters is essential to enjoying all that is to come. Don’t forget to celebrate each milestone you’ve achieved along the way and put in place a plan for what comes next.

Laurie Renchik, CFP®, MBA is a Partner and Senior Financial Planner at Center for Financial Planning, Inc.® In addition to working with women who are in the midst of a transition (career change, receiving an inheritance, losing a life partner, divorce or remarriage), Laurie works with clients who are planning for retirement. Laurie is a member of the Leadership Oakland Alumni Association and is a frequent contributor to Money Centered.

Webinar in Review: College Planning: How to Navigate Financial Aid and the FAFSA

Contributed by: Abigail Fischer

Filling out the FAFSA is only one of the many tasks requiring your attention while you, or your young adult, prepares for entering college. That’s why we invited Carrie Gilchrist, Ph.D, to join Nick Defenthaler, CFP® for the College Planning webinar. She is the Senior Financial Aid Outreach Advisor at Oakland University, and well versed at assisting families with their financial concerns.

Here are a few key points from the College Planning webinar:

• The FAFSA is available October 1st.

• Everyone should fill out the FAFSA, even if you don’t think you’ll be eligible to receive aid money. At the very least, you’ll be offered loans. At best, your college might use the FAFSA to determine who will receive university-based scholarships.

• Your completed FAFSA might offer benefits other than the typical education loan:

  • Federal Pell Grants (given through your school’s loan money bank)

  • Teacher Education Assistance for College and Higher Education Grant (TEACH)

  • Federal Supplemental Education Opportunity Grant (SEOG)

  • Federal Work-Study (the fed. pays 70% of your wages for on-campus jobs)

  • Parent PLUS Loans (parents can take out federal loans with much lower interest rates than a private bank loan)

• A CSS Profile is used to reward institutional aid, used by over 400 colleges nationwide.

• When filing the FAFSA within a divorced family, your federal aid need is determined by the custodial parent.

• If there is a significant change in your finances after your FAFSA has been submitted, contact the school and inquire how they can assist you through this school year.

• If you don’t need a loan, please don’t take a loan!

You need these documents to complete the FAFSA: 

• Taxed and untaxed income

• Current bank statements

• Records of investments

Here are some helpful websites:

• FSAID.ed.gov (to create your FAFSA ID)

• FAFSA.gov (for the FAFSA4caster and Net Price Calculator)

• cssprofile.collegeboard.org (CSS Profile Application)

The Center, and your financial planner, are here to assist you in planning for college, just give us a call!

Please check out the College Planning Webinar, recorded on September 21st, 2017:

Abigail Fischer is a Client Service Assistant at Center for Financial Planning, Inc.®

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Raymond James is not affiliated with Carrie Gilchrist or Oakland University. Links are being provided for informational purposes only. Raymond James is not affiliated with and does not endorse, authorize or sponsor any of the listed websites or their respective sponsors. Raymond James is not responsible for the content of any website or the collection or use of information regarding any website's users and/or members.

Ballin' on a Budget

Contributed by: Josh Bitel

When I was fresh out of college, one of the most important things for me to learn was how to budget properly. Considering I was taking on my first job with level, predictable income, I knew that it was critical for me to understand where my money goes each month. If I didn’t identify opportunities for savings, I knew I would blow through my money quickly, but I wasn’t sure where to start!

Identifying Financial Goals

Before I could create a budget, I had to identify some goals in order to give my budget a sense of direction. My goals were more short term in nature (pay down student loans, save for vacation, etc.), but long term goals are just as important. If you aim to retire someday, or a child’s education expenses are a concern, budgeting with these goals in mind is certainly a good idea. Once you have a clear picture of what you want to achieve with your budget, it can become much easier to accomplish these goals.

Understanding Monthly Income and Expenses

One of the more difficult, but most important, components of a budget is identifying monthly income and expenses. There is software available that you can leverage, or you can use the old school method and take pen to paper. Regardless of how you come to a conclusion, it is imperative to cover all the bases.

When considering income (outside of the obvious salary or wages), be sure to include any dividends or interest received. Alimony or child support expenses may also come into play depending on your situation. Expenses may be divided into two categories: fixed and discretionary. Fixed expenses are generally easier to document --  these will be your recurring bills or debt payments (Food and transportation can also be captured here). Discretionary expenses are generally more difficult to record (Entertainment expenses, or hobbies and miscellaneous shopping trips are common line items here). It’s also important to keep in mind any out of pattern expenses, like seasonal or holiday gifts, or car and home maintenance. Remember to always keep your goals in mind when crafting your budget!

Once you’ve gotten grasp on your monthly income and expenses, compare the two totals. If you are spending less than you earn, you’re on the right track and can explore ways to use the extra income (save!). Conversely, if you find that you are earning less than you spend, use your budget to identify ways to cut back your discretionary spending. With a little bit of discipline you can start finding capacity to save in no time!

Monitor your Budget & Stay on Track.

Be sure you keep an eye on your budget and make changes when necessary. This doesn’t mean you have to track every nickel you spend; you can be flexible and still be comfortable! It is important to stay disciplined with your budget however, and be aware that unexpected expenses may pop up. With proper cash management, these unexpected events can feel less crippling. To help stay on track, you may find a budgeting software that you like to use, do your research and find one that is suitable for you. A vital takeaway, and something that can go a long way to help increase savings, is being able to identify a need vs. a want. If you can limit your “want” spending, you may be surprised how quickly you can save!

Josh Bitel is a Client Service Associate at Center for Financial Planning, Inc.®

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The information has been obtained from sources considered to be reliable, but we do not guarantee that the foregoing material is accurate or complete. Any opinions are those of Josh Bitel and not necessarily those of Raymond James.

Qualified Charitable Distributions: Giving Money While Saving It

Contributed by: Nick Defenthaler, CFP®

Late last year, the Qualified Charitable Distribution (QCD) from IRAs for those over the age of 70 ½ was permanently extended through the Protecting Americans from Tax Hikes (PATH) Act of 2015. Previously, the QCD was constantly being renewed at the 11th hour in late December, making it extremely difficult for clients and financial planners to properly plan throughout the year. If you’re over the age of 70 ½ and give to charity each year, the QCD could potentially make sense for you. 

QCD Refresher

The Qualified Charitable Distribution only applies if you’re at least 70 ½ years old. It essentially allows you to donate your entire Required Minimum Distribution (RMD) directly to a charity and avoid taxation on the dollars coming from your IRA. Normally, any distribution from an IRA is considered ordinary income from a tax perspective, however, by utilizing the QCD the distribution from the IRA is not considered taxable if the dollars go directly to a charity or 501(c)(3) organization.    

Let’s look at an example:

Sandy, let’s say, recently turned 70 ½ in July 2016 – this is the first year she has to take a Required Minimum Distribution (RMD) from her IRA which happens to be $25,000. Sandy is very charitably inclined and on average, gifts nearly $30,000/year to her church. Being that she does not really need the proceeds from her RMD, but has to take it out of her IRA this year, she can have the $25,000 directly transferred to her church either by check or electronic deposit. She would then avoid paying tax on the distribution. Since Sandy is in the 28% tax bracket, this will save her approximately $7,000 in federal taxes!

Rules to Consider

As with any strategy such as the QCD, there are rules and nuances that are important to keep in mind to ensure proper execution:

• Only distributions from IRAs are permitted for the QCD. Simple and SEP IRAs must be “inactive.”

  • Employer plans such as a 401k, 403b, 457 do not allow for the QCD.

  • The QCD is permitted within a Roth IRA but this would not make sense from a tax perspective being that Roth IRA withdrawals are tax-free by age 70 ½. *

• Must be 70 ½ at the time the QCD is processed.

• The funds from the QCD must go directly to the charity – the funds cannot go to you as the client first and then out to the charity.

• The most you can give to charity through the QCD in a given year is $100,000, even if this figure exceeds the actual amount of your RMD.

The QCD can be a powerful way to achieve one’s philanthropic goals while also being tax-efficient. The amount of money saved from being intentional with how you gift funds to charity can potentially keep more money in your pocket, which ultimately means there’s more to give to the organizations you are passionate about. Later this month, we will be hosting an educational webinar on philanthropic giving – click here to learn more and register, we hope to “see” you there!

Roth IRA owners must be 59½ or older and have held the IRA for five years before tax-free withdrawals are permitted.

Nick Defenthaler, CFP® is a CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER™ at Center for Financial Planning, Inc.® Nick works closely with Center clients and is also the Director of The Center’s Financial Planning Department. He is also a frequent contributor to the firm’s blogs and educational webinars.

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The foregoing information has been obtained from sources considered to be reliable, but we do not guarantee that it is accurate or complete. Any opinions are those of Nick Defenthaler and are not necessarily those of Raymond James. Please note, changes in tax laws may occur at any time and could have a substantial impact upon each person's situation. While we are familiar with the tax provisions of the issues presented herein, as Financial Advisors of RJFS, we are not qualified to render advice on tax or legal matters. You should discuss tax or legal matters with the appropriate professional.

Adjusting the Secret Sauce in your Financial Plan

Contributed by: Laurie Renchik, CFP®, MBA

Investing in your financial future is a journey that doesn’t start or stop at retirement. Creating financial independence to support your future is a work in progress practiced over a lifetime. While it is reasonable to assume that the approach for a 35-year-old may not be appropriate for a 55-year-old, there is a common thread that emerges regardless of age. As priorities shift and circumstances change, financial plans and investment portfolios need periodic adjustments to stay in sync with your life. If your life journey is anything like mine, some plans work out perfectly and others may require course corrections to stay on track. I have found that the secret sauce is not just THE financial plan; but rather the consistent financial planning process along the way.

Let’s consider a 55-year old with a plan to retire in five years at the age of 60. In this transition period, the focus is shifting from saving and accumulating to preparing to withdraw income from retirement accounts; commonly referred to as the distribution phase. Having the confidence to retire without worry of spending down the nest egg too quickly is a common concern for folks in this transition phase. Sustaining the nest egg especially in the face of events that are beyond control—like market corrections, changing economic backdrops, and business cycles—are why financial plans and investment management go hand and hand.

I have found that considering a range of “what-if” scenarios in order to address concerns before retirement is a productive approach to addressing an unknown future that could unfold during your retired years.

1. Market corrections:  In the early years of retirement, a portfolio that goes down in value during a market correction may suffer initially and cause stress for the recent retiree.
   
   ACTION: Don’t panic. When things go in directions we don’t like, the natural inclination is to take action. To avoid a reactive response, start out with a properly diversified portfolio which includes appropriate asset allocation, ready cash on hand to support income needs, as well as a process for monitoring the big picture. Review your plan for confirmation.    
    

2.  Inflation is higher than expected: With inflation, things cost more over time eroding the value of savings especially when considering a 30 or 40-year retirement.
   
   ACTION: We don’t know how much inflation will spike or fall in the future. Model a range of scenarios in your baseline income assumptions to understand the potential impact. Revisit the areas of rising costs in your plan as part of your review process. Your financial plan should be built to withstand uncertainties.
    

3. Lower than anticipated market returns: A plan that is monitored consistently and customized to your long-term retirement goals can include the analysis and financial independence calculations to easily take into consideration lower than expected returns. 

ACTION: Build in a margin of safety in your baseline assumptions as a buffer to absorb the impact of lower than expected market returns. Put yourself in the best position to achieve your goals by prioritizing in advance where you can make incremental changes so that clarity and purpose are fundamental to your decision. 

Life has a wonderful, unpredictable way of introducing lots of sticky details into the mix. Your financial planner can help with the details and changes needed to take care of your nest egg by working with you to adjust the secret sauce as needed along the way.

Laurie Renchik, CFP®, MBA is a Partner and Senior Financial Planner at Center for Financial Planning, Inc.® In addition to working with women who are in the midst of a transition (career change, receiving an inheritance, losing a life partner, divorce or remarriage), Laurie works with clients who are planning for retirement. Laurie is a member of the Leadership Oakland Alumni Association and is a frequent contributor to Money Centered.

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Asset allocation and diversification do not ensure a profit or guarantee against loss.

Medicare Open Enrollment

Contributed by: Kali Hassinger, CFP®

As the weather changes and fall begins, there seems to be a general shift from the summer mindset to a more focused fall mentality.  Maybe it’s because, even well into adulthood, we’re accustomed to that “back-to-school” switch.  If you are currently enrolled in Medicare (not quite school, but significant nonetheless!), fall will continue to mark an important time of year because the Medicare open enrollment period begins on October 15th and lasts until December 7th.  This is the time when Medicare participants can update their health plans and prescription drug coverage for the following year. 

If you participate in a Medicare health and/or prescription plan, it’s important to be sure that your coverage will continue to meet your needs in the year to come.  Plans will send out notification materials if coverage is changing, but, even if it isn’t, it may be worth comparing your current coverage to other options.  If you are thinking of updating your coverage, there are several items that you should consider. 

Other coverage options:

If you are currently covered by or eligible for coverage through another provider, such as your former employer, you’ll want to understand how this plan works with Medicare.  Most retiree plans are designed to coincide with Medicare for those 65 and older, but you’ll want to be sure that the premiums and plan benefits are more advantageous than the open market Medicare options.

Cost:

This may seem like a given, but there are several cost factors to take into consideration.  Premiums, deductibles, and other costs can add up throughout the year, so it’s important to have a grasp of the plan’s monthly AND annual expenses.

Accessibility: 

Are the doctors and pharmacies who participate in this plan convenient for you?  If you have a current doctor or pharmacy that you want to continue using, be sure that they are in network.

Quality of Coverage:

Perhaps another seemingly obvious but important consideration, quality of coverage means how well does the plan actually cover the services you need.   Some plans require referrals and limit (or won’t provide) coverage if you go out of network.  If you have ongoing prescriptions, make sure the drugs are covered and that you understand any rules that may affect your prescription in the future.  

It’s important to understand and compare your Medicare options, but it’s easy to be overwhelmed by the process.  Raymond James partners with a group called Health Plan One to help clients strike the right balance between appropriate coverage and healthcare costs.  Our office has the opportunity to host a webinar with HPOne on October 23rd at 1:00 PM, and you can register for the webinar by clicking here.

Kali Hassinger, CFP® is an Associate Financial Planner at Center for Financial Planning, Inc.®

Planning for Health Insurance and Medical Expenses in Retirement

Contributed by: Matt Trujillo, CFP®

At any age, health care is a priority. However, when you retire, you will probably focus more on health care than ever before. Staying healthy is your goal, and this can mean more visits to the doctor for preventive tests and routine checkups. There's also a chance that your health will decline as you grow older, increasing your need for costly prescription drugs or medical treatments. That's why having the right health insurance for you is extremely important.

If you are 65 or older when you retire, your worries may lessen when it comes to paying for health care--you are most likely eligible for certain health benefits from Medicare, a federal health insurance program available upon your 65th birthday. But if you retire before age 65, you'll need some way to pay for your health care until Medicare kicks in. Generous employers may offer extensive health insurance coverage to their retiring employees, but this is the exception rather than the rule. If your employer doesn't extend health benefits to you, you may need to buy a private health insurance policy (which may be costly), extend your employer-sponsored coverage through COBRA, or purchase an individual health insurance policy through either a state-based or the federal health insurance Exchange Marketplace.

But remember, Medicare won't pay for long-term care if you ever need it. You'll need to pay for that out of pocket, rely on benefits from long-term care insurance (LTCI), or if your assets and/or income are low enough, you may qualify for Medicaid.

As mentioned, most Americans automatically become entitled to Medicare when they turn 65. In fact, if you're already receiving Social Security benefits, you won't even have to apply--you'll be automatically enrolled in Medicare. However, you will have to decide whether you need only Part A coverage (which is premium-free for most retirees) or if you want to also purchase Part B coverage. Part A, commonly referred to as the hospital insurance portion of Medicare, can help pay for your home health care, hospice care, and inpatient hospital care. Part B helps cover other medical care such as physician care, laboratory tests, and physical therapy. If you want to pay fewer out-of-pocket health-care costs, you may also choose to enroll in a managed care plan, or private fee-for-service plan under Medicare Part C (Medicare Advantage). If you don't already have adequate prescription drug coverage, you should also consider joining a Medicare prescription drug plan offered in your area by a private company or insurer that has been approved by Medicare.

Medigap Policies:

Unfortunately, Medicare won't cover all of your health-care expenses. For some types of care, you'll have to satisfy a deductible and make co-payments. That's why many retirees purchase a Medigap policy.

Unless you can afford to pay for the things that Medicare doesn't cover, including the annual co-payments and deductibles that apply to certain types of care, you may want to buy some type of Medigap policy when you sign up for Medicare Part B. There are 10 standard Medigap policies available. Each of these policies offers certain basic core benefits, and all but the most basic policy (Plan A) offer various combinations of additional benefits designed to cover what Medicare does not. Although not all Medigap plans are available in every state, you should be able to find a plan that best meets your needs and your budget.

When you first enroll in Medicare Part B at age 65 or older, you have a six-month Medigap open enrollment period. During that time, you have a right to buy the Medigap policy of your choice from a private insurance company, regardless of any health problems you may have. The company cannot refuse you a policy or charge you more than other open enrollment applicants.

Long-term care insurance and Medicaid:

The possibility of a prolonged stay in a nursing home weighs heavily on the minds of many older Americans and their families. That's hardly surprising, especially considering the high cost of long-term care.

Many people in their 50s and 60s look into purchasing Long Term Care Insurance (LTCI). A good LTCI policy can cover the cost of care in a nursing home, an assisted-living facility, or even your own home. If you're interested, don't wait too long to buy it--you'll need to be in good health. In addition, the older you are, the higher the premium you'll pay.

You may also be able to rely on Medicaid to pay for long-term care if your assets and/or income are low enough to allow you to qualify. But check first with a financial professional or an attorney experienced in Medicaid planning. The rules surrounding this issue are numerous, complicated and can affect you, your spouse, and your beneficiaries and/or heirs.

The issue of how to properly plan for health insurance in retirement is complex and multi-faceted. As with many aspects of good financial health I recommend working with a qualified professional to address your evolving health care needs, and to ensure that you and your family have the proper coverage for your circumstances.

Matthew Trujillo, CFP®, is a Certified Financial Planner™ at Center for Financial Planning, Inc.® Matt currently assists Center planners and clients, and is a contributor to Money Centered.

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This information has been obtained from sources considered to be reliable, but we do not guarantee that it is accurate or complete. Long Term Care insurance policies have exclusions and/or limitations. The cost and availability of Long Term Care insurance depend on factors such as age, health, and the type and amount of insurance purchased. As with most financial decisions, there are expenses associated with the purchase of Long Term Care insurance. Guarantees are based on the claims paying ability of the insurance company.